Internal-combustion engine.



A. ALLTREE.

INTERNAL 'UOHBUSTION ENGINE..

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A 1,010,566. 1 :Pabend Dm 5,1911.

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11. ALLTREB.

INTERNAL UOMBUSTIOH ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAI. 19, 101.0. 0,566

Patented ne@ 5,1911.

l IKKBTHEBBT I.

IMVENTOR:

A. ALLTREB. IIIAEBNAL UOKBUSTION ENGINE. nruoulol rmzn un. 1n, mo.

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAB. 19, 1910.

1,010,566. Patented Dec. 5, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4, 56.81

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

Annina. aLLrnsn. or'xaiilcnss'rna, ENGLAND.

xn'riinnanooxni'is'rxon axioma.

'l'o ail whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, An'rnua Acumen, a subect of the Kin of England, residing at 279W'ilmslow ron Fallowiield, Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, En land, have invented certain new and usefu Improvements iii Internal-Combustion Engines, of which t-hfol'lowin is a specification. My inventionreliites to internal combustion engines of the four-cycle' t pe, the par- 'ticular object of my invention ing to provide improved means for controlling the admission and exhaust of the said engines. According to my'invention, I employ slide valves concentric with the working cylinder instead of the more usual puppet valve' and, in one arrangement of my invention, employ segmental slide valves only, and in a second arrangement I employ the segmental slide valves in combination with 'a cylindrical slid, valve.

In the former arrangement, in which the segmental slide valves only are employed, I arrange one such valve to .contro the exhaast portof tlie working cylinder and a second val've to control the admission port of the cylinder, each valve having a reciprocating slidin motion, and being so ar` ranged that4 its alot orport. is moved over the' upper or lower parte (between which the cylinder ports are situated) of an expansion r like ring during its non-operative or .closed riod, each valve operating on its iip-strolzi:e for one cycle of operations and on its down-stroke for the next cycle, and so on, In the second arrangement in which the segmentallslide valves are arranged to art iii combination with a cylindrical slide valve, I so arrange and operate-the 'valveii that 40 their admission ports aimaltaneously re ister with thelylindei admission port for" he intake stroke and their exhaust ports simultaneously register with the cylinder exhaust 'port for the eitliaiist stroke, the admission and exhaustports in the cylindricalslide valve heilig moved over an expansion or like ring below the cylinder ports during the compression and' tiring strokes.

In the first. ni'rangrcment', in which I emno ploy segmental slide valves only, I prevent escape of the gases hv using an expansion or segmental ringl o special construction, but in thc latter case, in which I also employ a cylindrical slide valve, I may ilse the b5 special ring, or, alternatively, ltwo separate rings.

lpecllcatloii o! Letten Patent. Application tiled January t8, 1010. lertal lo. 538,885.

Patented Dec. 5. |011.

Instead of forming the working cylinder and cylinder head in one piece I may make the head detachable and in any arrangement- I may support the cylinder at its lower end. 6o

The various valves may be'drivcn from either one or two crank or eccentric shafts which are driven at the necessary speed by toothed gearing from the engine shaft..

I will now proceed to describe in invention in detail with reference to the riiwings accompanying my specification.

Figure 1 is an end elevation, partly in section, of an engine according to one arrangement of my invention. 1 is the usual 170 stationary workin cylinder within which the piston 2 wor The cylinder l is formed with admission and exhaust. ports 3, 4 respectively and an expansion or like ring 6, 6 is arran d arpiind the combus- 76 tion end of the cy inder, one part 5 of the ring bein above the polts and the other part 6 beow the orts. A segmental slide valve 7 formed with a slot or rt 8 is arran on the left side of the cy inder 1 and 80 a similar segmental slide valve 9 formed with a slot or port l0 is arranged on the right side of the cylinder, the valve 7 controlling the admission port 3 and the valve i) controlling the exhaust port 4. In prac- B5 tice the acgmenta 7 and 0 may be made from a sin lc cylindrical casting which may, after mac ining, lie clit in two vertical halves or ne ents. Each ac ental valve preferably tu closely arouni one half of, 9o the cylinder l hut it is \vithiii tl\e scope of my invention to vnrv thc size of the riegincnta if desirable. Each cf the valves 7 and 0 is provided with a lug Il` l2, respectiv ly. at, or near, it lower end. the lug 11 be ng miinected by the rod 18 with the crank or eccentric shaft '14 and the lug 12 connected hv the rod l5 with the crank or eccentric shaft 16, the crank cr eccentric shafts being -driven at quarter-time by suitable toothed 1"'. gearing 17,18. l0. from the engine shaft 20. The working cylinder l is provided '-witli a water-cooled head 2l and a water-jacket- Q2, the lattcrhaving passages 23, 24 which coinciilcwith tl'e ports 3. 4 iii the c vlindr. When the engine 'is working, thel crank orl .eccentric shafts I4 and 16 give'recipromotion to the segmental valves 7 and and the arran ment i.: such that the slot 8 in thevalve 'coincides 'or registers with the port 8 for the in-take stroke of the cycle, and the-alot 10 'inthe eating slidin valve 9 re 'sters with the port 4 for the exhaust stro e of the cycle. Darin the nono rative or closed ieriod of eac valve its s ot is held over cit ier the upper or lower` Kart of the expansion or segmental ring 5,

which eilectivcly closesor seals the slot, thus maintaining compression and prevent-Y ing any escape of the gases. As shown in Fig. 1` the .piston has Just reached the end of the working stroke, and the slot 10 in the valve il is beginning to register with the port 4 for the exhauststroke, nud b the time the piston has completed hal the stroke, the slot'10 and port 4 will be in full register. At the end of 'the exhaust stroke the slot 10 and port 4 will be out of register, the upward movement of the valve 9 having carried the alot 10 over the upper part 5 of the expansion ring, where it will remain during the -next three strokes of the cycle. J ustas the slot 10 moves out of re ister with the port 4, the slut 8 in the valve 7 begins to register with the admission port 3 for the intake stroke, and full register is reached when the piston hasmovd half way down on that stroke, and at the end of tlie stroke the slot 8 moves out of register with the admission port and over the lower'iart' of the expansion ring. The valves are so driven that'eiich valve slot or port is moved over the upper part 5 of the expansion rin during its non-operative or closed period o one cycle of o rations, and over the lower part 6 pf the rin during its closed period of the ne. cycle o :pei-ations, and so on, the intake and exhaii taking place when the respective slots 8 and 10 are midmiy, or approximately midway, between the upper and lower parte of the expansion ring on both the upward and downward travel of the valves.

Fig. 2 is a sectional .view showing 'how n detachable water-cooled head may be' nrrauged in combination with the cylinderl and thc water jacket. The detachable watercoolcd head 21- tits within tlic end of the stationary workinglcylinder 1, and is suitably bolted to the. casing 22. The detachable head is made conipres'sion tight bv means of an expansion or like rin 25, en is foi-mcd with ports which coinci e with the cylinder ports 8, 4. .The lower end of the cylinder within which the piston works is preferably made thinner than the u per portion iipon which the ring 5, 6 is tted, as shown in the drawing. It will be understood thattlie object in making the head 21 detachable, is to mit access to the working cylinder 1, wit outlining to remove the casing 22. Instead of, or in addition to, attaching the cylinder 1 to the cylinder head21, I may holt the lower end of the cylinderto the crunk chamber casing, such an arrange- 'ni-nt. giving additional support ti: the 'cylindagand preventing its oscillation when sub'ected to the side thrust of the piston, wit a consequentpinehing of the. valv.'

A'snitable flange, luge, or the like 26 are fast on, or ,fixed to, the cylinder (as shown in Fig. 3) to receive the bolts by whicliit is secured to the crank chamber elsing.`

Fig. d is :in external 'View o`f .ln upper part df the cylindery 1, and shows how the cylinder must be grooved.' Vto receive the 'special expansion or segmental tin'gacTwo, ireferably, parallel .'Il'bove 27 are o'rmed around the cylinder, Indico by two vertical grooves edbetween the' adjacent ends of the ports', 4,"qine groove Q9 being shown iii the drawing.'

Figs. 6 and 6 show front 'and back l.views of the expansion ring 1'. 6. Thelring is preferably made in a single piece, cut vertically .at one side to permit expansion, and 'shaped to lit inthe parallel and vertical grooves described with reference to Fig. 4, audit will be seen that when in position on the cylinder the ring com lately surrounds each port. The upper and inver parts 5, 0 of the ring are connected by cro-peces 30, 31. which fit in the vertical grooves in the cylinder. Alternatively, however. I may forni the ring in two vertical lialves-or segments by cuttin il vertically through the cross-piece 8l, similar to the rut shown iii Fi. 5. i

n the construction shown in Fig. 7, I employ two separate rings one above and ,one below the cylinder port. Fig. 7 is an y -end elevation, mainly in section, showin n modification ofmv invention, in which arrange a cvliiidrica slide valve in combin tion with the'two segmental slide valves above described. In this nrranaement the cylindrical valve 32 fits slidably -within the segmental valves 7 and 9, and concentricallv around the eylinderl, the admission and exhaust taking place at, andduring, the correct period of the cycle by timing the movements of the cylindrical valve 32 and segmental valves 7 and 9. so that the'slots 33 and 8 coincide with tliecylinderport 8 for the intake stroke and the slots 34 and l0 coincide with the port for the exhaust stroke. As shown in Fig. 7, the piston 2 is nearing the end of the exhaust stroke and the cylindrical -valve 82 has reached the end of its upward movement, the slots 83, 34, being partly closed by the np'rer ring 5. The segmental valve 9 is still traveling fast and upward and its slot 10 is nearly out of register with the slot 84, and just as thttwo slots move completely out of register the valve 82 is beginnin to move sowly downward before the vn ve 9 reaches thond of its -movement. As the segmental valve 7 has considerable lead on the cylindrical valve 32, it has attained a considerable speed when the valve 32 is eommencn Vto move slowly downward and the slots ports; two segmental or half-cylindrical 4inner end of said cylinder over 'w lich the -their cris res ectively into register with around said inner cylinder, two segmental or half-cylindrical slide valves havin ports and disposed arund said cylindrica slide valve; a compression-retaining rin at the the comlpiston; Y es revalve ports ma be moved duz-in piiession and ing strokes of t e and means for operating thesaid va spectively.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a statienary ycylinder,-having inlet -and exhaust 'y slide valves having ports and disposedv around the said cylinder; means for oerating the said segmental slide valves to ring the et and e anstports 'of said cylinder on both the iiD-stroke and down-stroke of the valves, and `a detachable cooling head for said cylinder;

7. In an internal combustion engine, in

combinatioma stationary `cylinder, a cylindrical slide valve disposed around the same; two se mental, or half -cylindrical slide valves isposecl around said cylindrical slide valve; imeans for operatin rthe said valves respectivel for said cy lnder.

' In testilnon whereof I ailix my signature in presence o twowitnesses.

, and a detacha le cooling head 'ARTHUR ALLTREE. Witnesses:

im' HARRISON,

GEORGE Almeria.' 

